Standardization And Characterization Of Essential Oil Of Patchouli Stem (Pogostemon Cablin Benth.) By Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Method

Abstract

Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) is one kind of the plants producing essential oil that can be used in the treatment, because the content on the patchouli oil is seskuiterpen, cytotoxic chalcones, and antimutagenik. This study aimed to establish the standardization of crude drugs and characterization of essential oil of patchouli stem by GC-MS. The research carried out includes the determination of specific and non-specific parameters, as well as the characterization of essential oil by GC-MS. The standardization result include the non-specific parameters including identity test, that is, patchouli stem botanicals, botanical organoleptic test forming dry powder, khaki, distinctive smell, bitter taste, water soluble extract content 0f 5,9891%, levels of ethanol soluble extract 0f  8,0578% and positive compounds identification containing alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, essential oils as well as specific parameters, that is, drying shrinkage of 0,8281%, moisture content of 1,7968%, total ash content of 5,7730%, and acid insoluble ash content of 0,3459%. The result of GC-MS characterization of essential oils derived from patchouli stem by stahl distillation shows five main components, namely benzaldehyde, 2,4-dimethyl, phenol,2,4-Bis91,1-Dimethylethyl1,6-Methanonaphthalen-1(2H)-OL, Octahydro-4,8A,9,9-Tetramethyl, octadecanoic acid, ethyl ester and hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester.