Episode Of Endometrial Tuberculosis Among Infertile Patients In 2019 – 2021

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a massive health concern throughout the world, especially in India. Genital Tuberculosis (GTB) especially endometrial tuberculosis (ETB) is the most prevalent form of extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) however it is more difficult to diagnose clinically than that pulmonary tuberculosis.
Aim of the study: To analyse the incidence of ETB among infertility cases and their clinical profile.
Materials and Method: A total of 40 clinically suspected Endometrial Biopsy specimens were collected from infertile cases, Ziehl-Neelsen staining, auramine - rhodamine staining, ESR, Mantoux test, HIV screening, and Molecular techniques were done.
Results: Out of 40 cases, 7 (17.5%) showed ETB were infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis using Truenat MTB microchip PCR assay and all were rifampicin resistance. Out of which 6 (85.7%) primary infertility, 4 (57.1%) had regular menstrual cycle and 4 (57.1%) Hypomenorrhea were observed as a menstrual abnormality. Most prevalent age group found to 20-30 years – 5 (71.4%). There were no notable variations in Mantoux test, HIV screening, ESR test.
Conclusion: High specificity and sensitivity were observed by (100%) Truenat MTB microchip PCR assay compared with Ziehl-Neelsen staining and auramine - rhodamine staining. Notably, there was a lack in the diagnosis of ETB because of its asymptomatic nature as these infections were underrated. Hence, a high index of suspicion for ETB is required while investigating infertile cases due to their high frequency.