Response of Potato Cultivars to Spraying With Calcium Nano Particles and the Amino Acid Proline in Characteristics of Vegetative Growth

Abstract

The study was carried out in the field of vegetable crops, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul, Iraq. To study the response of potato varieties to spraying with calcium nano particles and the amino acid proline on vegetative growth labels during the spring 2022 agricultural season. Seeds of three potato varieties produced from tissue culture were used in the tissue culture laboratory, University of Duhok, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences (Hermes-620, JIP16). -001-620 and SM12-124-15) and three concentrations of calcium nano-fertilizer (0, 1.5 and 3 gm / liter) and three concentrations of the amino acid proline (0, 150 and 300 ppm). The study was organized by sectoral design. Randomization by split-split system with three replications for each experimental unit (treatment). The items were placed in the main plots, the calcium nano-fertilizer in the subplot, and the amino acid proline was placed in the sub-plot. The data were analyzed according to the Duncan test at the 5% probability level. Genetic features were recorded in the study. The results showed that the cultivar JIP16-001-620 was significantly superior to the other two cultivars in the characteristics of the main stem length and in the total leaf area of the plant, while the cultivar Hermes -620 was superior in the characteristic of one leaf area and in the total chlorophyll content. The treatment of a concentration of 1.5 g / liter of calcium nano-fertilizer achieved the highest significant values in the characteristics of stem length, in the area of one leaf, in the total leaf area per one, and in the percentage of dry matter in vegetative growth, while the concentration of 300 parts per million of the amino acid proline produced the highest values. Significant in the characteristics of the main stem length, in the number of aerial stems for each plant, in the total leaf area, and in the percentage of dry matter in vegetative growth, as produced by the treatment of two-way interaction between cultivar JIP-16-001-620 with 1.5 or 3 g / liter of calcium nano fertilizer The best results were in the characteristics of stem length, the number of aerial stems per plant, and the total leaf area, while the two-way interaction between the same cultivar and concentrations of 150 or 300 ppm of the amino acid achieved the best values in most of the vegetative growth characteristics. As for the treatment of interaction between calcium nano fertilizer 3 g / liter with 300 parts per million of amino acid, the best significant values were in the characteristics of stem length, in the number of aerial stems for each plant, in the total leaf area, in the total chlorophyll content, and in the percentage of dry matter in vegetative growth. The values of the genetic parameters were high for the traits of genetic and phenotypic variation and the coefficient of genetic and phenotypic variation for the traits of the main stem length and the

*Part of Ms. Sc. Thesis for the first researcher.

 total leaf area, and the heritability rate in the broad sense was high above 50% for all the studied traits, and the expected genetic improvement was high for the trait of stem length and in the total leaf area.