Extraction, Formulation And In-Silico And In-Vitro Antimicrobial Evaluation Of Ethanolic Extract Of Plant Momordica Dioica

Abstract

In the treatment of infectious diseases, the rapid emergence of microbial resistance to traditional antibiotics has been a major source of concern. Phytochemicals have demonstrated potential antimicrobial effects against both susceptible and resistant microorganisms. Momordica dioica ethanolic extract was tested against a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms like Escherichia coli (2931), Bacillus cereus (2217), Staphylococcus aureus (5345) and Salmonella typhi (2501) to establish their antimicrobial activities and shown moderate activity as compare to ciprofloxacin as a standard against most of the tested microorganisms. The phytoconstituents found present in the plant extract are Alkaloids, Tannins and Phenols. The molecular docking studies of momordicine, an active constituent of extract was executed with PDB ID-4PSS, and found the similar affinity of momordicine towards the receptor, like Cocrystallized ligand and standard ciprofloxacin. The antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Momordica dioica at concentrations (5mg/ml, 10mg/ml, 15mg/ml, 20mg/ml and 25mg/ml) in the present study showed a prominent zone of inhibition against B. cereus, S. typhi, E. coli, and S. aureus are and the found IC₅₀ values are 29.27, 41.35, 43.76, and 46.14 respectively. The MIC for B. cereus, S. typhi, E. coli, and S. aureus are 1µg/ml, 2µg/ml, 4µg/ml, and 16µg/ml, respectively. The activity against all the pathogenic bacteria was found at every concentration of the test solutions where the least activity was shown against S. aureus and most activity was shown by B. cereus. The Momordica dioica ethanolic extract formulations (lotion and ointment) were prepared and evaluated. The stability of the lotion and ointment were confirmed using TLC and IR spectroscopy.