Urinary Calculi: A Study On Bacteriological Profile And Its Association Between Patients With Co-Morbidities At A Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Background & Objectives: It is well-recognized and commonly observed that urinary calculi and urinary tract infections are related. However, little is known about the microbiological etiology of urinary calculi development. The study's goal was to identify the frequency of bacteria in urine and stone samples from nephrolithiasis patients who also had obesity, diabetes, and high blood pressure.
Methods: The research was carried out at SRM Medical College and Research Centre's Department of Urology. Each patient had pre-operative urine and post-operative stone samples taken.
Results: A total of 50 patients had their pre-operative urine and post-operative stone sample taken. It had a 36% culture positivity rate. 17 (or 34%) of 50 urine samples were positive for bacterial cultures. And 8 (16%) of the 50 calculi samples exhibited positive culture results. Seven of the 18 individuals showed growth in both the urine and stone samples. 85.7% of the organisms found in urine and stone samples were identical. Escherichia coli (52%) was the most common isolate followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (24%), Proteus mirabilis (12%), Enterococcus faecalis (8%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (4%).
Conclusion: The selection of antibiotics by the clinicians is based on urine cultures and the efficiency of the treatment could be unreliable due to the organism present in the stone might be different in every case. Hence, if an infective stone is present, analyzing the microbial agent will help the patient in the prevention and recurrence of urinary calculi by giving them appropriate treatment.