ANTI-CANCER POTENTIAL OF QUINOXALINE DERIVATIVES: CURRENT SCENARIO AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

Despite significant advancements in diagnostic methods and medications, cancer remains a major health problem in the world. There are limitations to conventional therapies, however, as many of them are multidrug-resistant or have severe side effects. The genetic background and clinical features of bladder cancer make it a complex disorder. phytoconstituents such as certain alkaloids, saponins, tannins, polyphenols, and terpenoids exhibit anticancer effects. Sophoridine is a tetracyclic quinolizidine alkaloid isolated from the stem and leaves of medicinal plants Sophora alopecuroides L., Euchresta japonica Benth, and roots of Sophora alopecuroides Ait. Chinese Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) approved sophoridine as an antitumor agent in 2005. This review covers the antitumor activities of sophoridine and its derivatives. Analogs of sophoridine are evaluated according to their half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50 values). Moreover, the current market of anticancer drugs and their expected growth are discussed. Prospects provide suggestions and clues for novel sophoridine-based anticancer agents with enhanced expected efficacy and minimum toxicity. The use of quinazoline and its derivatives in cancer chemotherapy has shown promising results in recent years. This article examines the recent developments concerning the anticancer properties of quinazoline derivatives and presents perspectives on the development of new quinazoline derivatives as anticancer agents.