EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION AND CLINICAL MANAGEMENT FOR THE TREATMENT OF EPILEPSY

Abstract

The aim of this review is to understand the factors that cause epilepsy, diagnosis and its management.  Epilepsies are among the most prevalent severe brain disorders. The prevalence of epilepsy is widespread across the world, affecting people of all ages and genders. Although childhood prevalence has decreased over the past three decades in wealthy nations, this decrease is mirrored by a rise in the senior population. Because stroke, neurological disorders, and tumors are more common in older people, both the prevalence and incidence of epilepsy are slightly greater in males than in women and tend to peak in this age range. Both in children and adults, focal seizures occur more frequently than widespread ones. To determine epilepsy's cause the electroencephalogram (EEG), a test that detects and records brain activity, is frequently used in the identification and evaluation of epileptic seizures. Formulating mechanistic theories that may be tested to propel the development of innovative therapies requires an understanding of the natural history of pharmacoresistant epilepsy and the variables associated with it. Epilepsy prediction with high accuracy, targeted therapy using medication delivery, surgery, and brain stimulation are potential novel therapies. But despite these treatments, comorbidities continue to have a significant negative impact on quality of life and are insufficiently controlling seizures in one-third of those who are afflicted.