RECENT UPDATE ON PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES AS POTENTIAL DPP-IV INHIBITORS FOR THE TREATMENT OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Abstract

There has been a lot of interest in the use of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes because of their proven long-term efficacy and enhanced capacity to maintain appropriate blood sugar levels. DPP-IV inhibitors are essential for the regeneration and differentiation of pancreatic beta-cells and have been proved to be safe and effective. They also minimise the risk of hypoglycemia and cardiovascular side effects. Vildagliptin, saxagliptin, sitagliptin, alogliptin, linagliptin, gemigliptin, anagliptin, and teneligliptin are only a few examples of the fundamentally diverse DPP-4 inhibitors presently accessible. One of medicinal chemistry's most crucial and flexible scaffolds is pyrimidine. Antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, antihypertensive, antifungal, and antituberculous actions are only some of the many that may be attributed to pyrimidines. The in vitro DPP-IV inhibitory activity of some of the synthesised N-methylated and N-benzylated pyrimidinediones is also rather high. Good IC₅₀ values were found for these compounds when novel pyrimidinedione derivatives were investigated for their DPP-IV inhibitory activity and in vivo anti-hyperglycemic efficacy. Due to their potential as DPP-IV inhibitors in the treatment of T2DM, we have reviewed a few newly reported pyrimidine derivatives in this study.