Radiographic Comparison Of Crestal Bone Levels Around Unloaded Implants Placed In Different Regions Of Maxilla And Mandible: A Prospective Clinical Study

Abstract

Purpose: The present study aimed to compare the crestal bone loss occurring around unloaded dental implants placed within various regions of maxilla and mandible using two-dimensional digital radiography with the help of image measurement software.

Methods: For this study, 47 participants receiving single spiral dental endosseous implants placed in partially edentulous spans in various regions of the maxilla and mandible were included. Digital radio-visuo-graphic (RVG) images of implants placed at baseline (0 months) and after 3 months were obtained. The crestal bone levels were measured by the image measurement software Image J and the values were compared for differences among various sites of implant placement.

Results: Overall, the mean and standard deviation of the mesial marginal bone level at unloaded implants was 1.4 ± 0.89mm (95% confidence interval [CI]) and that for the distal marginal bone level was 1.29 ± 0.89mm (95% confidence interval [CI]) at 3 months and their respective differences compared to baseline were statistically significant (p-value < 0.001). No significant difference was present with regard to bone loss in inter-arch and intra-arch comparisons. 

Conclusion: Significant bone loss occurs during the initial healing period around unloaded implants which can be attributed to the physiologic differences in the quality of bone within various intra-oral sites. The clinician’s choice of the implant must be dictated by its capability to preserve as much crestal bone as possible for a successful outcome.